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    • Research

    Archive: Sleep Apnea Linked to Increased Risk of Dementia in Elderly Women

    Elderly women who suffer from sleep apnea -- characterized by disrupted breathing and sleep and a reduction in the intake of oxygen -- are about twice as likely to develop dementia in the next five years as those without the condition, according to a multi-center study led by researchers from the University of California, San Francisco.

    • Research

    Archive: What Steers Vampires to Blood

    Scientists have known for years that when vampire bats tear through an animal’s skin with their razor-sharp teeth, their noses guide them to the best spots – where a precise bite will strike a vein and spill forth nourishing blood. But nobody knew exactly how bats knew where to bite – until now.

    • Research

    Archive: Traumatic Brain Injury More Than Doubles Dementia Risk

    Patients diagnosed with traumatic brain injury (TBI) had over twice the risk of developing dementia within seven years after diagnosis compared to those without TBI, in a study of more than 280,000 older veterans conducted by researchers at the San Francisco VA Medical Center and UCSF.

    • Research

    Archive: Brain Research at UCSF Aims to Help Distracted Remember

    <p>UCSF cognitive neuroscientist Adam Gazzaley has used functional brain imaging and EEG studies to discover that older adults fare worse than younger adults at remembering following distractions. He hopes to improve their performance with cognitive training, using a newly developed video game.</p>

    • Research

    Archive: NIH Director Says Timing Right to Reengineer Translational Science

    <p>Francis Collins, director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), describes the scientific goals and functions of the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), a proposed new entity of the NIH that will strive to reengineer the process of developing drugs, diagnostics, and devices.&nbsp;</p>

    • Research

    Archive: Mapping the Brain with Philip Sabes, PhD

    <p>By mapping neurons and neuron circuitry during movement, Sabes’ lab hopes to one day to be able to print this information back into the brain. If feasible, such therapy could offer new hope to stroke victims whose brains are unable to recover on their own.</p>

    • Research

    Archive: Growing New Teeth with Ophir Klein, MD, PhD

    <p>By understanding the underlying biological processes that allow teeth to continuously grow in rodents and other mammals, Klein’s research aims to apply those principles to regenerative medicine in humans. Klein predicts that one day patients will be able to replace their own lost teeth with living, biological replicas instead of the prosthetics oral surgeons implant today.</p>

    • Research

    Archive: Window into the Brain with Adam Boxer, MD, PhD

    <p>Many researchers are finding that by the time a patient seeks treatment for symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease, it’s often too late for the available drugs to have an effect. Boxer’s lab is studying very precise eye tracking methods to gauge mental fitness and identify cognitive decline decades before the first symptoms appear.</p>

    • Research

    Archive: Mining the Human Body with Michael Fischbach, PhD

    <p>Having developed an algorithm that discovered a large quantity of drug-producing bacteria in and on humans, Fischbach has turned his lab’s attention to studying their populations and interactions with each other. This, he posits, can greatly influence a person’s overall health and disease.</p>

    • Research

    Archive: New Life for Damaged Nerves with Hubert Kim, MD, PhD

    <p>Each year, scores of soldiers wounded by explosives suffer from debilitating nerve injuries that render their arms and legs useless. Kim’s research, performed at the UCSF-affiliated San Francisco Veterans Affairs hospital, has led to development of artificial nerve grafts to accelerate healing of these injuries.</p>

    • Research

    Archive: Sleep and Pregnancy with Kathryn A. Lee, RN, PhD, FAAN

    <p>With years of sleep research under her belt, Lee has recently focused on helping parents — especially new and expecting mothers — get enough sleep. From these studies, Lee has found worrisome correlations between sleep deprivation during pregnancy and increased instances of Cesarean operations and length of labor. By educating families about proper sleep hygiene, she hopes to promote healthier home environments for mothers and babies.</p>

    • Research

    Archive: Smarter Drug Delivery with Tejal Desai, PhD

    <p>Swallowing pills means medication must face the challenge of surviving the harsh environment of the digestive tract. As a result, people must take larger doses than they need. Using micro and nano-fabrication techniques developed by the computer chip industry, Desai’s lab is creating tiny devices that take multiple drugs directly to where they are needed, using less medication, minimizing side effects and making the process safer for the patient.&nbsp;</p>

    • Research

    Archive: Rethinking Prostate Cancer with Matthew Cooperberg, MD, MPH

    <p>In the era of prostate cancer screening, mortality rates have fallen 40 percent. The price of that has been over-diagnosis and over-treatment, something the current health care system cannot sustain. One of the major goals of Cooperberg’s research is to develop better risk assessment tools and instruments that can give the patient and doctor more confidence that the patient’s cancer will not progress.</p>

    • Research

    Archive: Treating Disease Before Birth with Tippi MacKenzie, MD

    Stem cell transplantation may hold the promise to treating many diseases before birth such as sickle cell anemia and muscular dystrophy. But first, researchers need to overcome many barriers, including rejection of stem cell transplants by the fetus. MacKenzie’s lab recently discovered that mothers’ T cells are responsible for rejecting the grafts and that this rejection may be avoided by using stem cells from the mother.

    • Research

    Archive: Learning Lessons from an HIV Cure

    <p>For doctors confronting the AIDS epidemic, past ambitions always boiled down to two main goals: prevention, or finding ways to protect people not yet exposed to HIV, through vaccines, safe sex education or other means; and treatment, or discovering effective drugs and providing them to people with HIV/AIDS, helping them live longer.</p>

    • Research

    Archive: SFGH Grand Rounds Explores Disease That First Defined AIDS

    <p>Doctors and other health care professionals packed into San Francisco General Hospital’s Carr Auditorium for the June 7 medical grand rounds, commemorating the 30th anniversary of the first AIDS report to the US Centers of Disease Control (CDC) and Prevention.</p>

    • Research

    Archive: UCSF Marks Three Decades of AIDS

    <p>As one of the preeminent biomedical education and health sciences research institutions in the world, UCSF emerged early as a pioneer in the fight against AIDS. Today, three decades later, UCSF is working on multiple fronts to prevent, treat and stop the spread of the disease that has killed 33 million people worldwide.</p>